This paper aims to present the relationship between theology and philosophy in the writing of Karl Rahner. The author approaches this problem in a twofold manner. The first, main part of the paper deals with the relationship between theology and philosophy which exists as an explicit theme in Rahner’s own writing. Accordingly, the author first gives a more accurate definition of the very terms theology and philosophy, as well as the general explanation of the relationship between them. After that follows an analysis of the specificity of their mutual relationship that exists nowadays, caused by pluralism as by the phenomenon which determines all the academic disciplines. Regarding the contemporary era, a specific role and importance of sciences in the dialogue with theology is also analyzed. Furthermore, the author presents certain methods which Rahner suggests as suitable to be applied in theology concerning the present state of affairs, amongst which the transcendental method is distinguished as the most important one. In the second part of the paper the author deals with the implicit aspect of the relationship between theology and philosophy in Rahner. It is considered how important a place do Rahner’s philosophical writings have when compared to theological ones, as well as how and to which extent did certain philosophers influence him (especially Kant and Heidegger), in what manner Rahner treated those philosophical concept he inherited, and how he implemented them in his teaching. Finally, the author mentions two possible readings of Rahner (foundationalist and non-foundationalist), considering the question of the dependence of his theology on his philosophy.