Theology, a scientific journal of the Faculty of Orthodox Theology of the University of Belgrade was launched in 1926. The idea of the need to start a scientific theological journal occurred immediately after the foundation of the Theological Faculty. The initiative to launch and provide the material means of financial support for the journal was given by Patriarch Dimitrije Pavlović. At the occasion of its the meeting on May 14th 1924, the Faculty Council decided to name the future journal Faith and Science – Journal of the Faculty of Orthodox Theology for Theological Science and Church Life. Decision to start the journal was made by the Council on October 19th 1925 when all the necessary preconditions were fulfilled. At the December 14th 1925 meeting of the Council, earlier name of the journal was replaced by Theology, Organ of the Faculty of Orthodox Theology. At the occasion of the same meeting, dean Stevan Dimitrijević was elected as the representative of the journal (then defined as the owner). At the editor’s proposal in 1936, the new representative, i.e. the new owner of the journal, became Prof. Dr. Dragutin Anastasijević. The first volume of Theology was issued in early 1926 under the editorship of Prof. Dr. Dimitrije Stefanović thus becoming one of the oldest scientific journals in the Serbian-speaking sphere still existing today. It was anticipated that the journal was to be published in four volumes per year on 5-6 printing sheets. In the opening letter of the first volume, the editorial board of the journal presented its program which would hold for the next fifteen years, until the first interruption in the publication of the journal. The journal published articles, discussions, and reviews of theological works and magazines. By 1941 a total of 60 volumes of Theology had been published, four per year with a few exceptions. In 1935, for example, volumes 2 and 3 were published as a double issue due to a large number of articles marking 700th anniversary of the repose of Saint Sava.

During the bombing of Belgrade on April 6th 1941 the “Privrednik” printing shop was destroyed together with the entire circulation of the first volume of Theology for 1941. During the occupation of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the Faculty of Orthodox Theology ceased to operate causing its journal Theology to stop being published. After the war, the Serbian Orthodox Church and the Faculty of Theology have found themselves targeted by the communist authorities making the restoration of Theology, due to the lack of teachers and means of financial support, unthinkable at the time. Prewar editor in chief D. Stefanović died in 1945, Dr. Sava Djukanović was executed by the Italian occupying forces, while a number of professors and assistant professors had gone into exile due to ideological disagreements with the communist authorities. As a temporary solution, from 1950 to 1954, the Faculty published three volumes of the Proceedings of the Orthodox Theological Faculty. After the expulsion of the Faculty of Orthodox Theology from the University of Belgrade by the communist authorities, the Church started to provide for the material needs of the Faculty of Theology thus creating conditions for the restoration of the journal Theology.

Since these were times of great financial scarcity, the Ecumenical Council of Churches in Geneva awarded a permanent subsidy for the printing of Theology at the request of the Synod of Bishops of the Serbian Orthodox Church. Theology was thus restarted in 1957. From its restoration in 1957 to its jubilee volume in 2016, Theology was published 73 times (in fact, only in 1957, 1958, 1987, 2002, 2006, 2008, and 2009 volumes 1 and 2 were published separately; from 2011 volumes are being published regularly two times a year). A number of editors in chief alternated during this period. For the 1957 volume the editor in chief was not signed, but from then on the following persons were signed as its editor in chief: Dr. Dimitrije Dimitrijević (1958; 1960), Dr. Čedomir Drašković (1958; 1961-1976), Dr. Blagota Gardašević (1959), Dr. Pribislav Simić (1977 -1996), Dr. Vladan Perisic (1990), Dr. Dimitrije Kalezić (1997; 2000), Dr. Maxim Vasiljević (2005-2009), Dr. Bogdan Lubardić (2010-2012), Dr. Radomir Popovic (1998-1999; 2001-2004; 2013-2016). The present day editor in chief is Dr. Kubat Rodoljub (2017 -).

The journal Theology is the most faithful witness and actor in the development of Serbian academic theology, from the beginning of the twentieth century to the present day. During the period between the two World Wars, papers published in Theology followed the trends in contemporary theological science and other humanities at an imposingly high level. Some of the most prominent personalities of Serbian science and culture published their papers in Theology, primarily theologians, but also historians, archaeologists, philosophers, philologists, jurists, and others. Only to mention a few: Dragutin Anastasijević, Filaret Granić, Radoslav Grujić, Aleksandar Dobroklonski, Kiprijan Kern, Borislav Lorenc, Lazar Mirković, Vladimir Mošin, Vladimir Petković, Đorđe Radojičić, Aleksandar Solovjev, Stanoje Stanojević, Teodor Titov, Sergije Troicki, Veselin Čajkanović, and others. After the restoration of the journal in 1957 other valuable and exceptional works have continued coming in and contributing to the development, and more importantly, the preservation of Serbian theological thought in these difficult times. Theology has experienced a new momentum at the end of the twentieth century. Restoration of the Faculty of Orthodox Theology to its rightful place at the University of Belgrade in 2004 and the more powerful opening of theology to the world of today suggest that new perspectives lay ahead for Theology.